Understanding Closing Costs: A Buyer’s Checklist
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When purchasing a home, many first-time buyers focus primarily on the purchase price and monthly mortgage payments, Real estate agent Peterborough but there is another critical set of expenses that can significantly impact your budget—closing costs. These encompass all the administrative and legal fees tied to completing your home transaction and obtaining your loan. They can add up to thousands of dollars, so understanding what they are and what to expect is essential. Use this detailed checklist to anticipate every fee, plan your finances, and walk into closing with confidence.
One of the largest components of closing costs is the loan origination fee. This fee compensates the lender for evaluating, documenting, and approving your loan request. It typically amounts to about between 0.5% and 1% of the total loan amount. Even if you think you’re getting a no-fee loan, the fee could be baked into your monthly payment, so always ask for a clear breakdown.
Another significant expense is the appraisal fee. Your lender mandates an independent valuation to confirm the property’s worth. This ensures the property is worth the amount you’re borrowing. Appraisal fees generally range from $300 to $500, depending on the region and property type.
Title services are also mandatory. A title search confirms ownership and uncovers any encumbrances, judgments, or easements on the property. You will also need to purchase title insurance, which shields you from unforeseen claims that could threaten your right to the home. The bank mandates lender’s title protection, and while you can choose not to get owner’s coverage, it is a wise safeguard for future peace of mind.
Government recording fees are charged by local authorities to officially record your deed and mortgage in public records. These fees vary by jurisdiction but usually come to between $100 and $400. Similarly, conveyance taxes may be imposed by the applicable jurisdiction when ownership is transferred from the seller to you. The rate is usually a fixed amount per $1,000 of value and can add up quickly in some metropolitan markets.
If you’re getting a mortgage, you’ll likely need to pay for a credit report fee, which covers the cost of pulling your credit history. There may also be risk evaluation fees, which compensate the lender for assessing your ability to repay the loan. Additionally, you might encounter secure funds transfer costs for sending documents securely.
Prepaid items are another category you’ll need to account for. These include upfront tax reserves, annual home insurance paid upfront, and interest that accrues between your closing date and the end of the month. Your lender will estimate these amounts and collect them at closing, placing them into a reserve account to be paid on your behalf later.
Home inspection fees are not technically part of closing costs, but they are often paid during the final stages of the transaction. While not required by lenders, it’s highly recommended to protect your investment to uncover potential repair needs. Fees typically range from $250 to $700.
Finally, don’t forget about moving expenses, which, while not a closing cost per se, are an necessary next-step cost that follows your purchase. Planning for these costs early helps ensure you’re not caught off guard after you’ve already moved in.
To stay in control of your budget, obtain your Loan Estimate as soon as you submit your application. This document provides a reliable breakdown of anticipated charges. Then, three days before closing, you should receive a Closing Disclosure that lists the exact amounts. Analyze every line item to ensure all numbers match your initial estimate.
It’s also worth asking the seller if they’re willing to contribute toward your closing costs. In some markets, seller concessions are standard practice, especially in a buyer-friendly environment. This can cut your upfront costs by thousands.
Closing costs can be overwhelming, but with preparation and transparency, you can navigate them confidently. Through careful examination, proactive inquiry, and smart budgeting, you’ll enter your new home not just with the deed in your possession, but with confidence in your spending.

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